Abstract
BACKGROUND: With the trend of delayed childbearing, the incidence of poor ovarian response (POR) with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) has increased. Effective treatments for ovarian function restoration are limited. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous regenerative therapy, shows potential for improving ovarian function; however, its mechanisms of action and optimal treatment protocols remain unclear. METHODS: A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, covering studies published from January 2021 to March 2025, focusing on preclinical and clinical studies evaluating the effects of PRP on ovarian function. MAIN FINDINGS: Preclinical studies indicate that PRP promotes primordial follicle activation and growth. It also enhances oocyte quality by promoting angiogenesis, exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, and modulating the extracellular matrix. Clinically, PRP may increase the number of retrieved oocytes and improve certain ovarian reserve markers, but its impact on oocyte quality and pregnancy rates remains inconclusive. The optimal dosage and treatment duration also require further investigation. CONCLUSIONS: PRP holds promise in reproductive medicine, but additional research is required to evaluate long-term effects, optimize treatment protocols, and standardize preparation methods.