Abstract
Phalloplasty can be a challenging plastic surgery procedure associated with complications and unsatisfactory results. Phalloplasty has become an important procedure in the setting of trauma, partial or complete excision of the penis, and gender affirmation. Advances in microsurgery has expanded penile reconstruction through free tissue transfer techniques which include the radial forearm free flap, fibular osteocutaneous flap, anterolateral thigh flap, latissimus dorsi flap, scapular flap, and abdominal flaps. Each procedure has advantages and disadvantages; most of the procedures achieve adequate cosmetic results with high patient satisfaction. Most of the surgical complications are related to the reconstruction of the urethra or creating rigidity for intercourse. The main goals of reconstruction are to create a cosmetically appealing phallus with satisfactory sexual function.