Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the epidemiological characteristics of inhaled allergens influenced by the plum rains climate in Hunan and the diagnostic value of blood routine inflammation indicators for atopic dermatitis. The clinical data of 3544 patients with atopic dermatitis from the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from 2020 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Meanwhile, the meteorological data of Hunan during the plum rains period from the China Meteorological Network were collected, and the statistical indices were analyzed using SPSS26 statistical software. The results showed that the inhaled allergens in Hunan were mainly dust mites (20.12%) and house dust (13.09%). The positive rate of males was significantly higher than that of females (P < .001), and the positive rate of children aged 1 to 11 years was the highest (51.3%). Furthermore, the positive rate of specific allergens was 31.74% in the plum rains season, which was significantly higher than that of 24.30% in the non-plum rains season (P < .001), and the positive rate of mold specific allergens was significantly higher in the plum rains season than in the non-plum rains season (P = .016). Significant differences in neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were observed between the experimental and control groups. ROC analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the NLR in the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis were 71.6% and 62.3%, respectively. Our findings suggest that there are gender and age differences in the prevalence of inhaled allergens in atopic dermatitis patients in Hunan, and the positive rate of specific allergens was positively correlated with plum rains climate, especially mold allergens. The NLR should be used as a potential new marker for the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis.