Abstract
A costimulatory signal from the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family molecule OX40 (CD134), which is induced on activated T cells, is important for T-cell immunity. Aberrant OX40 cosignaling has been implicated in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. However, the molecular mechanism by which the OX40 cosignaling regulates the T-cell response remains obscure. We found that OX40 associated with a scaffold protein, IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) after ligation by its ligand OX40L. Naïve CD4+ T cells from Iqgap1-/- mice displayed enhanced proliferation and cytokine secretion upon receiving OX40 cosignaling. A C-terminal IQGAP1 region was responsible for its association with OX40, and TNFR-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) bridged these two proteins. The enhanced cytokine response in Iqgap1-/- T cells was restored by the expression of the C-terminal IQGAP1. Thus, the IQGAP1 binding limits the OX40 cosignaling. Disease severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was significantly exacerbated in Iqgap1-/- mice as compared to wild-type mice. Additionally, recipient mice with Iqgap1-/- donor CD4+ T cells exhibited significantly higher EAE scores than those with their wild-type counterparts, and OX40 blockade led to a significant reduction in the EAE severity. Thus, our study defines an important component of the OX40 cosignaling that restricts inflammation driven by antigen-activated T cells.