Abstract
There is an increase in susceptibility to chronic and debilitating diseases with aging. The reason for the underlying neuronal degeneration and normal aging of the brain remains elusive. Different research studies have been conducted to discover how the brain degenerates and the importance of vitamins' role in the neurocognitive decline. Comprehensive literature research was conducted using all relevant data available from PubMed and Google scholar for this article. There has been evidence linking the consumption of essential nutrients to preventing the disease conditions that result in cognitive decline. This article provides the latest scientific advances specific to how dietary nutrients and non-nutrient may affect cognitive aging. An adequate supply of nutrients like vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B12, vitamin E, essential fatty acid (omega-3 fatty acid), and flavonoids play a vital role in ensuring healthy aging, enhancing memory, and strengthening neuroprotection. These nutrients help in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's. We recommend more research studies to determine the underlying mechanism of how these essential nutrients work in the prevention of cognitive decline. These studies will help provide the evidence needed for new dietary recommendations for combating these diseases that often affect aging patients.