Conclusion
Xenografting could become a model for the longitudinal study of the fibrotic process related to Klinefelter syndrome; however, the current model has a limited survival period and patient-specific differences in histology.
Results
The feasibility study showed that 4 weeks after transplantation, all Klinefelter syndrome grafts could be recovered. Later, degeneration was observed. Most recovered grafts showed an intact histology, with 67 ± 12% intact tubules for the Klinefelter syndrome grafts and 65 ± 15% of intact tubules for the control grafts. In the few remaining Klinefelter syndrome grafts, treatment with ketotifen improved testicular histology compared with non-treated grafts. Graft survival was patient dependent. No germ cell loss was observed after transplantation.