Abstract
INTRODUCTION: We evaluated the independent and combined efficacies of MindMoves (24-week physical activity and cognitive training) on cognition and serum neurotrophic biomarkers in older women with cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS: This 2 × 2 factorial design randomized controlled trial (NCT04556305) tested efficacies of Mind (cognitive training) and Move (lifestyle physical activity) on change in cognition (global composite derived from three domains) and four serum biomarkers at baseline, 24, 48, and 72 weeks post-baseline in older women with CVD without cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Of 253 participants randomized (mean age = 72.8; 57% non-Hispanic White), 87% completed the trial, though health-behavior adherence was low (Mind 45%, Move 33%). Interventions were not significant for global cognition. There were Mind x Move interaction effects for semantic memory and one biomarker, but these were counter to the hypothesized synergistic effects. DISCUSSION: Mind and Move, alone or in combination, were not associated with improved cognition in this sample. Future research should emphasize adherence. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04556305. HIGHLIGHTS: This trial evaluated the efficacy of a lifestyle intervention in women with cardiovascular disease. The trial did not show a significant difference in global cognition. There were significant effects of physical activity on secondary outcomes. Future research should focus on adequate intervention adherence and intensity.