Abstract
Background/Objectives: No Arabic-language version of the Observable Social Cognition Rating Scale (OSCARS) is available that allows to properly and specifically assess social cognition (SC) in Arabic-speaking populations. This study aimed to examine the preliminary psychometric characteristics of the Arabic translated version of the OSCARS, including factor structure, reliability, concurrent validity, and measurement invariance across sex. Methods: This cross-sectional study has been conducted during February and March 2024 and included 113 chronic, remitted, and clinically stable patients with schizophrenia. Results: The originally proposed two-factor model (Social Cognitive Bias and Social Cognitive Ability) showed acceptable model fit after removal of two items that yielded low factor loadings (items 2 and 3). Total and factor scores showed good internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.85-0.94. Measurement invariance was established across sex groups at the configural, metric, and scalar levels. No significant differences emerged between male and female patients for latent mean scores of the OSCARS. Finally, concurrent validity was supported by appropriate patterns of correlations with functioning, recovery, and emotional intelligence measures. Conclusions: The Arabic OSCARS stands out as a brief, valid, reliable, and comprehensive assessment tool to evaluate SC in Arabic-speaking patients with schizophrenia based on the perspectives of interviewers. Offering this measure to clinicians and researchers who work in Arab settings may close the existing gap in the assessment of SC in schizophrenia. Due to its easy and fast application, the Arabic OSCARS is believed to be highly valuable in clinical and research practices.