Abstract
INTRODUCTION: We compared the characteristics of postpartum women who recalled being offered or not offered intrauterine devices and implants and who obtained placement of these long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) devices at a county hospital before discharge. We assessed satisfaction and continuation among those who obtained LARC methods. METHODS: We interviewed 199 patients who delivered at a Texas hospital and tested for differences in who recalled being offered/not offered immediate postpartum LARC. We provide descriptive statistics on when offered and satisfaction, and assess continuation using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS: There were 103 of 199 women (51.8%) who recalled providers offering them immediate postpartum LARC; English-speaking relative to Spanish-speaking Hispanic women had higher odds of recounting being offered immediate postpartum LARC (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33-11.23), as did women with two children versus one child (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 1.13-11.67). Compared with women 18-24 years of age who wanted more children, women 30-34 years of age who wanted more children had lower odds (OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.03-0.59), as did sterilized women 18 to 44 (OR, 0.02; 95% CI, 0.00-0.10). Seventy-four women (37% of all and 72% of those who recalled being offered) received immediate postpartum LARC. Sixty percent of those who received immediate postpartum LARC recalled that they were first offered it during prenatal care. Satisfaction was high but decreased between 3 and 6 months postpartum, mainly owing to negative side effects. Continuation at 24 months postpartum was 76.9% (CI, 71.7%-81.4%), with no difference between intrauterine device and implant use. CONCLUSIONS: Language barriers may have hindered equal access to immediate postpartum LARC for Spanish-speaking patients; younger patients were more likely to recall being offered immediate postpartum LARC, possibly owing to providers' implicit biases or greater demand for LARC versus sterilization. Using formal interpretation services and patient-centered decision making may improve patient access to the contraception methods most aligned with their values and preferences.