Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although the incidence of candidemia has been increased recently, factors associated with septic shock in adult patients with candidemia have not been well defined. We performed a study to identify septic shock risk factors. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted among adult patients ≥19 years of age with candidemia who were diagnosed from 2006 to 2018 at a single tertiary care medical center. Clinical data were collected. Patients were excluded if they were noted to have concomitant bacteremia or to have received antifungal treatment <5 days. RESULTS: After application of the exclusion criteria, 46 patients (25.1%) were classified as having septic shock presentation out of 183 patients. Between the septic shock and non-septic shock patients, there were no differences regarding comorbidities. Variables associated with septic shock in the univariate analysis were non-remission of candidemia [23/46 (67.6%) vs. 100/137 (83.3%) P = 0.044], central venous catheter [41/46 (89.1%) vs. 98/137 (67.9) P = 0.005], hemodialysis [12/46 (26.1%) vs. 15/137 (10.9%) P = 0.012], neutropenia [10/46 (21.7%) vs. 14/137 (10.2%) P = 0.045], and previous hospitalization to the intensive care unit (ICU) [24/46 (52.2%) vs. 47/137 (34.3%) P = 0.031]. The group of other Candida species consisting of [C. guilliermondii, C. haemulonii, C. famata, C. lusitaniae, and unknown] was more common in the septic shock patients (10.9%) than in the non-septic shock patients (1.5%), P = 0.004. The mortality of patients with septic shock was significantly higher than that of patients without septic shock [37/46 (80.4%) vs. 59/137 (43.1%) P < 0.001]. Multivariate analysis showed central venous catheter (odds ratio [OR] 4.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12 – 14.30, P = 0.033) and abnormal aspartate aminotransferase [AST] (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.06 – 7.16, P = 0.024) were significantly associated with septic shock. Presence of other Candida species (OR 6.78, 95% CI 0.87 – 53.03, P = 0.068) showed borderline significance. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that venous catheter and abnormal AST were significant factors associated with septic shock in adult patients with candidemia. Also, candidemia caused by other Candida species may need to be monitored closely for the development of septic shock presentation. DISCLOSURES: All authors: No reported disclosures.