Abstract
The worldwide epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is showing an upward trend, parallel to the rising trend of metabolic syndrome, owing to lifestyle changes. The pathogenesis of NAFLD has not been fully understood yet. Therefore, NAFLD has emerged as a public health concern in the field of hepatology and metabolisms worldwide. Recent changes in the nomenclature from NAFLD to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease have brought a positive outlook changes in the understanding of the disease process and doctor-patient communication. Lifestyle changes are the main treatment modality. Recently, clinical trial using drugs that target 'insulin resistance' which is the driving force behind NAFLD, have shown promising results. Further translational research is needed to better understand the underlying pathophysiological mechanism of NAFLD which may open newer avenues of therapeutic targets. The role of gut dysbiosis in etiopathogenesis and use of fecal microbiota modification in the treatment should be studied extensively. Prevention of this silent epidemic by spreading awareness and early intervention should be our priority.