Abstract
Causal manipulation of vagal gut-brain pathways empowers studies of metabolism and interoception. However, the anatomy and cytoarchitecture of vagal circuits pose challenges to deployment of optical or electrical stimulation probes. We present a wireless modulation of vagal circuits via magnetite nanodiscs (MNDs) targeted to specific nodose ganglia neurons via genetically delivered anchoring moieties. Under slow-varying magnetic fields, membrane-bound MNDs transduce mechanical torques that trigger depolarization mediated by endogenous mechanoreceptors in sensory neurons. When targeted to neurons expressing oxytocin or glucagon-like peptide 1 receptors in the left nodose ganglia, MND stimulation activates downstream hindbrain satiety circuits and reduces food intake. These findings establish MND-mediated stimulation as a targeted, implant-free platform for modulating gut-brain neural circuits and beyond.