Abstract
Livin (ML-IAP) is a cancer-associated member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family. By yeast two-hybrid screening of a randomized peptide expression library, we isolated short linear peptides that specifically bind to Livin, but not to other IAPs. Intracellular expression of the peptides sensitized livin-expressing cancer cells toward different pro-apoptotic stimuli. The bioactive peptides neither showed sequence homologies to Smac-derived IAP inhibitors, nor did they interfere with the binding of Livin to Smac. Intracellular expression of the peptides did not affect the levels or the subcellular distribution of Livin. Growth of livin-expressing tumor cells was inhibited in colony formation assays by the Livin-targeting peptides. These findings provide evidence that the targeted inhibition of Livin by peptides represents a viable approach for the apoptotic sensitization and growth inhibition of tumor cells. The inhibitory peptides isolated here could form a novel basis for the development of therapeutically useful Livin inhibitors.