Abstract
To investigate the distortion process of thin-walled box girders, three commonly used methods based on energy variational calculus and static balance analysis are optimized. A generalized analytical formula for box-girder distortion research is derived, and a fourth-order distortion control differential equation is obtained. Typical numerical examples are used to verify and compare the three methods. The results show that the value of distortional warping normal stress calculated by the optimized methods is slightly different from the literature values and that the maximum error between methods does not exceed 5.39%. The calculation results of Method 2 and Method 3 are similar. The values of the geometric distortion characteristics calculated by the three methods are related to the cross-sectional form of the box girder and the distortion analysis process, and the calculated values are not unique. The absolute value of the peak normal stress of distortion on the top plate of a thin-walled box girder with a cantilever plate is smaller than that on the bottom plate. Under a concentrated distortion load, the distribution of the distortion deformation along the length of a simply supported box girder with only end diaphragm is not consistent, and there is reverse deformation near the beam end.