Abstract
Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP(3) Rs) are calcium (Ca(2+) ) release channels on the endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR). Here we summarize the latest advances in the field, describing the recently discovered mechanistic roles of intracellular Ca(2+) release channels in the regulation of mitochondrial fitness and endothelial function, providing novel therapeutic options for the treatment of heart failure, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.