Abstract
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a severely multifactorial neuropsychiatric disorder, and the majority of cases are due to genetic variations. In this study, we evaluated the genetic association between the C-Maf-inducing protein (CMIP) gene and schizophrenia in the Han Chinese population. METHODS: In this case-control study, 761 schizophrenia patients and 775 healthy controls were recruited. Tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs12925980, rs2287112, rs3751859 and rs77700579) from the CMIP gene were genotyped via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. We used logistic regression to estimate the associations between the genotypes/alleles of each SNP and schizophrenia in males and females, respectively. The in-depth link between CMIP and schizophrenia was explored through linkage disequilibrium (LD) and further haplotype analyses. False discovery rate correction was utilized to control for Type I errors caused by multiple comparisons. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in rs287112 allele frequencies between female schizophrenia patients and healthy controls after adjusting for multiple comparisons (χ(2) = 12.296, P (adj) = 0.008). Females carrying minor allele G had 4.445 times higher risk of schizophrenia compared with people who carried the T allele (OR = 4.445, 95% CI [1.788-11.046]). Linkage-disequilibrium was not observed in the subjects, and people with haplotype TTGT of rs12925980-rs2287112-rs3751859-rs77700579 had a lower risk of schizophrenia (OR = 0.42, 95% CI [0.19-0.94]) when compared with CTGA haplotypes. However, the association did not survive false discovery rate correction. CONCLUSION: This study identified a potential CMIP variant that may confer schizophrenia risk in the female Han Chinese population.