Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical features and prognosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with hematologic malignancies. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 197 patients with hematologic malignancies complicated with P. aeruginosa infection who were hospitalized in the Department of Hematology from January 01, 2019, to December 31, 2021. Patients were categorized into a susceptible group (CSPA infection group) and a drug-resistant group (CRPA infection group) based on their sensitivity to carbapenems, comparing the differences in clinical features between the two groups, and analyzing the risk factors and prognosis of CRPA infection. Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed that hospitalization days of >50 days (P=0.010, OR=3.581, 95% CI 1.356-9.457), history of antibiotic exposure (P=0.008, OR=4.394, 95% CI 1.358-6.238), more than two courses of chemotherapy before infection (P=0.006, OR=2.911, 95% CI 1.358-6.238) were independent risk factors for developing CRPA. The mortality rates were 12.8% (18/140) and 28.1% (16/57) in patients with CRPA and CSPA, respectively (P=0.010). Logistic regression analysis revealed that bloodstream infection (BSI) (P=0.039, OR=5.286, 95% CI 1.091-25.621) was an independent risk factor for hematologic malignancies and death from CRPA infection. Conclusion: Hospitalization for >50 days, history of antibiotic exposure, and >2 courses of chemotherapy before infection were independent risk factors for CRPA infection. Hematologic malignancies with CRPA infection had a high mortality rate, of which BSI was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality from hematologic malignancies with CRPA infection.