Abstract
Analysis of brain functional connectivity network (BFCN) has shown great potential in understanding brain functions and identifying biomarkers for neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and its early stage, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In all these applications, the accurate construction of biologically meaningful brain network is critical. Due to the sparse nature of the brain network, sparse learning has been widely used for complex BFCN construction. However, the conventional l(1)-norm penalty in the sparse learning equally penalizes each edge (or link) of the brain network, which ignores the link strength and could remove strong links in the brain network. Besides, the conventional sparse regularization often overlooks group structure in the brain network, i.e., a set of links (or connections) sharing similar attribute. To address these issues, we propose to construct BFCN by integrating both link strength and group structure information. Specifically, a novel correlation-weighted sparse group constraint is devised to account for and balance among (1) sparsity, (2) link strength, and (3) group structure, in a unified framework. The proposed method is applied to MCI classification using the resting-state fMRI from ADNI-2 dataset. Experimental results show that our method is effective in modeling human brain connectomics, as demonstrated by superior MCI classification accuracy of 81.8%. Moreover, our method is promising for its capability in modeling more biologically meaningful sparse brain networks, which will benefit both basic and clinical neuroscience studies.