Abstract
A3IS (Mycosinate) is a synthetic product which only contains ingredients found naturally within honey. A3IS is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial product which produces a sustained release of hydrogen peroxide at low but therapeutic levels. The product elicits this release through an enzymatic reaction between glucose oxidase and the substrate glucose once the product is hydrated. As medical uses for different honeys are being re-evaluated, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of A3IS against a comprehensive panel of human pathogens, including Pneumocystis species, providing a unique assessment against a panel of eukaryotic pathogens. Without exception, A3IS exhibited significant efficacy at 50% and 100% inhibitory concentrations against a broad spectrum of human pathogens including yeasts, molds (both hyaline and dematiaceous), and dimorphic fungi. Notably, A3IS was effective against fungal strains with a high level of resistance to fluconazole or voriconazole. The 50% inhibitory concentrations for Pneumocystis carinii and P. murina (surrogates for P. jirovecii) were considered "Marked" and "Moderate" on an established rank scale, and would be considered for in vivo studies, based on an established in vitro-in vivo pipeline. These results indicate that A3IS is a novel anti-fungal agent against an extensive range of human fungal pathogens.