Abstract
BACKGROUND: CVD and cancer are the leading causes of mortality globally. Accumulating evidence suggests that cancer patients have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence suggests a bidirectional link between these diseases, possibly mediated by hormonal changes, but further research needs to be performed to explore the specific role of hormone level changes in both diseases. METHODS: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using GWAS summary statistics from multiple cohorts of prostate cancer, ER+ breast cancer, and coronary atherosclerosis. RESULTS: MR analyses (IVW, MR-Egger, WM) demonstrated a significant causal relationship between both prostate and ER+ breast cancer and increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION: Hormone-related genitourinary tumors may contribute to the development of coronary atherosclerosis. This study is the first to provide causal evidence for such associations using MR.