Abstract
BACKGROUND: Heart failure remains a major public health issue, and there are still no reliable biomarkers for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). OBJECTIVE: To screen for differential metabolites in the blood of HFpEF, HFmrEF, and HFrEF patients based on metabolomics analysis of their blood samples. METHODS: Total 44 patients in HFpEF group, 30 patients in HFmrEF group, and 36 patients in HFrEF group were selected. The blood metabolites were analyzed by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry and classified by principal component analysis, and then potential biomarker were screened. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was used to model and investigate the predictive ability of biomarkers for LVEF. RESULTS: Blood metabolite profiles of HFpEF, HFmrEF, and HFrEF groups could be well distinguished, and seven potential biomarkers were identified, such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingomyelin. Four metabolic pathways, such as glycerol phospholipid metabolic pathway, linoleic acid metabolic pathway, purine pyrimidine metabolism pathway, and linolenic acid metabolism pathway were identified, among which glycerol phospholipid metabolism pathway was the most significant. CONCLUSION: The changes in glycerol phospholipid metabolism pathway may help identify HFpEF, HFmrEF, and HFrEF.