Abstract
This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of preventive strategies in pediatric primary care, focusing on immunization, developmental screening, nutrition counseling, physical activity programs, accident prevention, mental health screening, oral health programs, and parental education, which are essential for enhancing child health outcomes and preventing long-term health issues. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO, covering publications from January 2000 to December 2023, with 20 studies included encompassing randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, observational studies, and systematic reviews. The review demonstrated that immunization programs significantly reduced disease incidence, while developmental screenings allowed for early intervention in developmental delays. Nutrition counseling and physical activity programs effectively addressed childhood obesity, safety education during pediatric visits reduced injury rates, and mental health screenings facilitated early detection of psychological issues, although with some variability in outcomes. Oral health programs improved dental outcomes, and parental education enhanced the effectiveness of preventive strategies, albeit with varying degrees of success depending on socioeconomic contexts. Incorporating preventive strategies into pediatric care is key to better child health, and providers need support to overcome implementation challenges. Further research is needed to optimize these strategies and evaluate their long-term impact across diverse populations and settings.