The crescendo pulse frequency of shear stress stimulates the endothelialization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the luminal surface of decellularized scaffold in the bioreactor

The decellularized vessels retain the three-dimensional structure of the vasculature, have a surface topography suitable for MSC growth, and have good mechanical properties. By increasing the frequency of pulsed stimulation, MSC endothelialize the lumen of the decellularized vasculature. It is expected to have anti-thrombotic and anti-neointimal hyperplasia properties after implantation, ultimately improving the patency of TEVG.