Abstract
PURPOSE: This study explores mothers' lived experiences of caring for preschool children (aged 3-6) in environments affected by fine dust. The study aims to uncover how mothers perceive their protective roles and navigate challenges stemming from environmental health concerns. METHODS: A descriptive phenomenological design guided by Colaizzi's method was employed. Nine Korean mothers with active fine-dust-protection behaviors participated in semi-structured, in-depth interviews conducted between April 2020 and March 2021. Data collection continued until saturation. RESULTS: Analysis yielded 455 significant statements, 109 formulated meanings, 34 themes, 14 theme clusters, and five overarching categories. The core phenomenon, "Becoming a shield," encapsulates the mothers' relentless commitment to protecting their children. Key themes include awareness of fine dust health risks, active problem solving, serving as a protective barrier, confronting practical limitations, and embracing innovative strategies. CONCLUSION: Findings underscore the need for tailored fine-dust response guidelines and educational programs that integrate accurate environmental health information with psychological support for mothers. Healthcare practitioners and policymakers should develop interventions enhancing maternal self-efficacy and resilience, thereby promoting sustained protective behaviors and safeguarding child health in polluted environments.