Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Although motor imagery (MI) has been reported to increase motor cortical excitability, its effect on central motor conduction time (CMCT), a widely used neurophysiological diagnostic method, has not been investigated. In this study, we sought to determine the effect of MI on CMCT. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 21 healthy volunteers (11 females, 10 males) aged 24 to 67 years (mean age: 38.8 years) were recruited between April 2022 and June 2023. CMCT was calculated during MI from the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. Measurements were also performed with conventional measurement methods, such as resting and voluntary contraction, to compare the effect of MI on CMCT. RESULTS: The ANOVA test revealed that the CMCT session (rest, MI, and voluntary contraction) was a significant factor (p < 0.05). In both muscles, CMCT was shorter in the imagery state than in the resting state but longer than in the voluntary contraction state (p < 0.05). Similarly, motor-evoked potential (MEP) latencies obtained during imagery were shorter for both muscles than the resting state but longer for the voluntary contraction state. CONCLUSION: The study's findings suggest that MI is a mental activity that modulates CMCT measurement. MI shows a voluntary contraction-like effect on CMCT and MEP latency, although the effect is more uncertain.