Abstract
The purpose of this qualitative, descriptive study is to illuminate the experiences of adults diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and their challenges and successes in receiving quality primary healthcare services. Through semi-structured interviews with eleven adults diagnosed with ASD and/or their caregivers, this study explored their perspectives and impressions of their healthcare experiences. Specifically, this study evaluated the population of adults with ASD (age 30+) who are also diagnosed with intellectual disabilities (ID). This population is challenged by a triple jeopardy of age, intellectual disability and autism symptomology (social/behavioral/communication challenges). In addition to their ASD diagnosis, more than half of these adults have major physical and mental health co-morbidities that require regular medical attention. As a result, this population often experiences negative health outcomes and suboptimal relationships with healthcare providers due to their communication deficits, behavioral impairments and other factors. Many of these medical and mental health conditions could be better managed, and perhaps even prevented, through more effective screening and prevention services provided by primary healthcare providers. Payment sources for health services also has a significant impact in access to care. Many healthcare providers are well prepared to serve this population, while some are not. Hence, sharing healthcare experiences is critical for preparing primary healthcare providers to best serve ASD adults. By understanding the current gaps in care and eliminating barriers, this will inform the design for future improvements in the healthcare delivery system for physicians, nurses, allied health professionals and healthcare administrators.