Abstract
This paper reviews the current literature to examine what elements of osteopathic medicine can be used in psychiatry. The aim of this study was to use the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to conduct a systematic review of studies describing the efficacy of osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) in treating psychiatric problems directly and indirectly. The authors searched the databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), reviewing peer-reviewed articles from 1980 to April 2023. The literature demonstrates that OMM has a positive effect on psychiatric symptoms indirectly when treating certain medical conditions, such as chronic pain, fibromyalgia, and irritable bowel syndrome; however, there are many limitations on these studies, and further research is required prior to making firm recommendations. The evidence is lacking for osteopathic manual medicine being used directly to treat psychiatric conditions. This review demonstrates that in some populations, such as individuals with chronic pain, fibromyalgia, and irritable bowel syndrome, OMM could be considered by an osteopathic psychiatrist as an adjunct treatment. More research should be conducted in this area due to the many limitations in the available studies but current research suggests that the use of OMM by osteopathic psychiatrists could be beneficial for some patient populations.