Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are one of the greatest threats to human health today, thus requiring an urgent response. Vaccines are one of the most effective means of preventing the spread of infectious diseases, and their usefulness in responding to EIDs has been clearly proven through the process of overcoming the global COVID-19 pandemic. As the characteristics of various vaccine formulations differ, it is necessary to apply the most appropriate one according to the EID response strategy. In this review, we first consider which vaccine formulation is the most suitable for EID vaccines by comparing the pros and cons of different vaccine formulations, and then we discuss the utility of mRNA vaccine formulations, which are considered the most promising for EID vaccines.