Abstract
Natural killer cytotoxicity is an important antiviral defense mechanism. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured with herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected cells produced a cytokine. This substance stimulated adult natural killer cytotoxicity from 53.0 +/- 10.5% to 79.8% (P less than 0.01) against HSV-infected target cells. These data resulted in a calculated cytokine-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (CDCC) value of 65.8%. Cytokine production was not stimulated by uninfected cells and was independent of the presence or absence of antibodies to HSV in sera of donors and mononuclear cells. Cells from human colostrum also produced an HSV-stimulated cytokine which mediated CDCC by using both adult (19.8 +/- 3.9%) and neonatal (18.6 +/- 3.4%) mononuclear effectors cells. Colostral cell cytokine production was also independent of donor HSV serology. Not all colostral cultures produced the cytokine, and in general colostrum-stimulated CDCC was lower than peripheral blood leukocyte-stimulated CDCC. Colostral cell cytokine stimulation of neonatal natural killer cytotoxicity may account in part for the increased nonspecific resistance of breast-fed infants to viral infection.