Abstract
BACKGROUND: To evaluate intraoperative and postoperative cytokines in patients who underwent robotic prostatectomy (RP) at a pressure of 12 or 15 mm Hg, and the risk of postoperative ileus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We presented the first series evaluating intraoperative and postoperative cytokines in patients undergoing RP at a pressure of 12 or 15 mm Hg by a single surgeon. Changes in cytokine concentrations were shown to correlate with surgical outcomes and pathological states. The study investigated the changes in cytokine concentrations (interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β [IL-1β], IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-17) at different pneumoperitoneum pressures and their potential role in the development of postoperative ileus. RESULTS: The data on 10 consecutive patients confirmed that a lower pneumoperitoneum pressure was associated with lower cytokine levels and a lower risk of ileus. There were increased levels of postoperative interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-12p70, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-17a at 15 mm Hg when compared to 12 mm Hg. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicated that lower pressure RP reduced intra-/postoperative cytokine levels confirming our hypothesis. Larger patient numbers are required to further validate this but the implications of this data will benefit not only urological patients but also other speciality patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery.