Aim of the study
The anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of EYO were investigated in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induced Caco-2 cells. Materials and
Conclusions
The aforementioned results showed the anti-inflammatory mechanism of EYO. These findings might be beneficial to clinical applications of EYO.
Methods
EYO was obtained by direct-heat extraction (HE), ethanol extraction (EE) and petroleum ether extraction (PE), respectively. Fatty acid compositions of three EYO were measured by gas chromatography (GC). Cell viability, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), transcriptome, RT-PCR and Western blotting were also performed.
Results
Fatty acid compositions of three EYO were different with varied extraction methods. EYO significantly reduced interleukin (IL)-8 secretion. EYO exerted anti-inflammatory effect via coordinating regulation of Nrf2/NF-κB pathways based on the results of transcriptome, Q-PCR and Western blotting. In detail, PE and HE inhibited the NF-κB pathway, whereas EE exerted anti-inflammatory activity via the Nrf2/NF-κB pathways. Conclusions: The aforementioned results showed the anti-inflammatory mechanism of EYO. These findings might be beneficial to clinical applications of EYO.