Abstract
BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatments have been explored for their potential effects on muscle and adipose tissue. However, the impact of these treatments on the proliferation and differentiation of adipogenic C2C12 myoblasts, as well as the expression of muscle-related and adipose-related genes, remains unclear. PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of PRP and HBO treatments on the proliferation and differentiation of adipogenic C2C12 myoblasts and to examine the expression patterns of muscle-related and adipose-related genes in response to these treatments. METHODS: Adipogenic C2C12 myoblasts were subjected to three courses of HBO treatment (25 min of 100% O2 following 5 min of air at 1.5 ATA) and different PRP treatments (leukocyte-rich PRP, LR-PRP; and leukocyte-poor PRP, LP-PRP). Cell proliferation rates were assessed at various time points. The expression of muscle-related genes (MYF5 and Myogenin) and adipose-related genes (Adipo-Q, FABP4, and PPARy) was analyzed using RT-PCR. RESULTS: HBO treatment alone did not stimulate myoblast proliferation, and cells exposed to HBO had lower proliferation rates compared to control. PRP treatments significantly increased cell proliferation, regardless of HBO co-treatment. Cells exposed to both HBO and PRPs had significantly lower proliferation rates than those treated with PRPs alone, suggesting that HBO negatively affects adipogenic C2C12 myoblast proliferation. The inhibitory effect of HBO was significantly alleviated by concomitant LR-PRP and LP-PRP treatments on day 5 (both P <.001). Muscle-related genes showed non-significant trends in expression after treatments, while adipose-related genes exhibited varying expression patterns, but none were statistically significant compared to control. CONCLUSIONS: PRP treatments significantly increase C2C12 myoblast proliferation, while HBO treatment alone has a negative effect on proliferation. The combination of PRP and HBO treatments can alleviate the inhibitory effect of HBO. The expression of muscle-related and adipose-related genes did not show statistically significant changes in response to the treatments.