Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus represents a significant health concern, projected to impact 449 million individuals worldwide by the year 2030. The factors linking obesity and insulin resistance (IR) have been an emerging topic of research, owing to the novel group of factors discovered, the "adipocytokines". One such inflammatory adipocytokine is Resistin, which has been crucial to the development of (IR), which subsequently leads to type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), due to its significant pro inflammatory properties. However, serological studies present conflicting evidence on resistin's link to obesity, IR, and T2DM and only one salivary study exists, with none in the Indian population. With saliva harboring many biomarkers, there lies a probability of resistin being labelled as one. It could facilitate earlyT2DM diagnosis and be monitored to prevent or delay complications. Thus, to unravel the enigmatic role of Resistin in T2DM, this study was undertaken. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants in the study were categorized into 2 groups, Group-I (T2DM), consisting of 30 newly diagnosed T2DM and Group- II (HC) with 30 healthy non-Diabetic participants. Serum and salivary resistin levels were measured using the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1C, and the inflammatory marker hs-CRP were assessed using Trinder's GOD/POD estimation, chromatographic and Turbidimetric Immuno assays respectively. RESULTS: Higher mean values of serum resistin & salivary resistin were observed in Group I (T2DM) (10.5730 + 11.11936) & (10.2643 + 13.77515) compared to Group II (HC) individuals (6.4787 + 6.44202) & (3.7577 + 4.62597) respectively. It was statistically significant with a p value of 0.38 & 0.32 respectively. CONCLUSION: However, no correlation could be established between the diabetic markers FBS, HbA1C, hs-CRP and serum or salivary resistin. A negative correlation (-0.208) was observed between serum & salivary resistin.