Abstract
PURPOSE: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the associations between telomere length and telomerase activity in subjects with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS: The meta-analysis protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and LILACS databases were searched for studies reporting telomere length or telomerase activity in adult men and non-pregnant women with and without MetS. The risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random effects and inverse variance methods were used to meta-analyze associations. We conducted a bootstrapped analysis to test the accuracy of clinical results. RESULTS: Five studies reported telomere length and two studies telomerase activity. There was no significant difference in telomere length (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.07, 0.28, I (2): 54%), between subjects of similar age (mean difference: 2.68, 95%CI: -0.04, 5.40 years) with and without the MetS. Subjects with MetS displayed significantly higher body mass index, triglycerides, and blood pressure, and lower HDL-cholesterol values than subjects without the syndrome. A bootstrapping mediation analysis of telomere length confirmed the clinical results. There was no significant difference in telomerase activity (SMD: 1.19, 95% CI -0.17, 2.55, I (2): 93%) between subjects with and without the MetS. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences of telomere length and telomerase activity in patients with MetS and subjects of similar age without the syndrome. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01513-4.