Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Sex and gender have profound effects on disease prevalence, presentation, and outcome, but these issues are not covered in depth in standard medical school curricula. To improve understanding of women's health, an intensive 1-month class was offered to fourth-year medical students. METHODS: The class combined background lectures on the biological and social determinants of women's health with presentations on specific medical conditions by practicing clinicians and students. Students' anonymous responses to end-of-class evaluation used by Stony Brook University School of Medicine as well as pre- and post-class answers to the question "why are women twice as likely to go to the doctor" were analyzed using quantitative, descriptive, and qualitative approaches. RESULTS: The class was given between 2017 and 2022 to a total of 154 students. Course evaluations were submitted by 133 students. Over 80% of responders ranked the class as good or excellent and many expressed surprise about how much sex and gender influence health. Furthermore, before taking the class responders favored gender stereotypes (82%) and OB/GYN visits (56%) as the main reasons why women utilize healthcare more often than men, whereas only 31% of post-class answers included these factors (p < .0001), which were replaced by others including misdiagnosis, high rate of adverse effects of medications, implicit bias, and longevity. CONCLUSION: A dedicated class given to students at the end of their undergraduate medical training increased awareness and knowledge of the effects of sex and gender on women's health.