Abstract
BACKGROUND: Finger exercise is a mind-body practice rooted in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), grounded in meridian and acupoint theory. It consists of coordinated finger and hand movements, massage, and pressure techniques that stimulate the flow of Qi and improve circulation, strengthen hand-brain connectivity, and cultivate mindfulness. Finger exercise is intended to promote physical health, enhance cognitive function, and support mental well-being. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the concept of finger exercise, synthesize emerging evidence on its effects on general, physical, cognitive, and mental well-being, and explore potential mechanisms and implications for research and practice. A preliminary framework was developed based on initial evidence. METHODS: We conducted a literature search of randominzed controlled trials across three English and two Chinese databases using search terms such as "finger exercise" combined with keywords related to health, cognition, depression, anxiety, and sleep. A total of 12 studies published in English or Chinese (with English abstracts) were included in this review. RESULTS: The reviewed studies reported varied intervention protocols incorporating TCM principles, brain-hand coordination, pressure techniques, and mindfulness-based strategies. Preliminary evidence suggests that finger exercise may improve general functioning (eg, ADL/IADL), physical indicators (eg, fatigue, sleep), cognitive performance, and mental health (eg, depression, anxiety). Potential mechanisms include enhanced Qi flow, neuroplasticity, neurotransmitter modulation, reduced inflammation, and improved mindfulness. CONCLUSION: Mindfulness-based finger exercise shows promise as a low-cost, safe, and easily implemented non-pharmacological intervention that can be done standing or seated and is also suitable for individuals with disabilities or mobility limitations. It has a potential to be integrated into community centers, nursing homes, hospitals, and rehabilitation programs. Further research should confirm its benefits and clarify mechanisms.