Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are an increasingly common public health problem, and their diagnosis and treatment continue to face serious challenges, making it necessary to explore new therapeutic approaches. The small molecule polypeptide ELABELA (ELA) plays an important role in CVDs. We aim to review the role of ELA in cardiovascular development and its related mechanisms, as well as its diagnostic value and therapeutic potential in CVDs, including preeclampsia, hypertension, vascular calcification, various heart diseases, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. ELA can be used as a diagnostic marker for CVDs and has been demonstrated to reduce oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, tissue fibrosis, and vascular hypertension and promote angiogenesis. This suggests that ELA may serve as both a diagnostic and treatment target. This review provides some strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of small molecule polypeptide ELA in CVDs and the development of targeted drugs.