Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the cost-effectiveness of adding Chinese-developed anti-PD-1 antibody camrelizumab to first-line platinum-doublet chemotherapy in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (L/M NPC) from the perspective of Chinese healthcare system. DESIGN: A Markov model consisting of four health states, progression-free survival, first progression survival, second progression survival and death, was built to simulate 3-week patient transitions over a 20-year horizon. A direct comparison between first-line camrelizumab in combination with gemcitabine plus cisplatin and gemcitabine plus cisplatin was performed by calculating transition probabilities from the CAPTAIN-1st trial. Costs and utilities were collected from the local public database and literature. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were employed to evaluate the robustness of the model. SETTING: The Chinese healthcare system perspective. PARTICIPANTS: A hypothetical cohort of Chinese patients with pathologically diagnosed L/M NPC who had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. INTERVENTIONS: First-line camrelizumab in combination with camrelizumab and gemcitabine plus cisplatin (CGP) versus gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Cost, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). RESULTS: The baseline analysis demonstrated that, compared with first-line GP, first-line CGP yields an effectiveness increase of 0.26 QALY, accompanied by an increment of US$6137.59 in healthcare cost. This results in an ICER of US$23 482.32/QALY. With the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold for a QALY set at US$37 654.50, first-line CGP proves to be cost-effective in 97.20% of the iterations. Deterministic sensitivity analyses indicated that the uncertainty in model parameters had no substantial effect on our results. Probability sensitivity analysis indicated that CGP was cost-effective at the assumed WTP threshold. CONCLUSION: For Chinese patients with L/M NPC, adding Chinese-developed anti-PD-1 antibody camrelizumab to the first-line GP chemotherapy may be cost-effective.