Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Primary squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the prostate is a rare clinical condition, characterized by diagnostic challenges in the early stages, a high potential for metastasis, considerable malignancy, and a poor prognosis. Reporting such cases may contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of prostatic SCC, as well as facilitate the exploration of diagnostic approaches and effective treatment strategies. CASE PRESENTATIONS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical case of a 62-year-old male patient with primary prostatic SCC and concurrent inguinal lymph node metastasis, admitted to our institution. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination following fine-needle aspiration biopsy. The patient underwent two cycles of intravenous chemotherapy, followed by radical surgical resection and adjuvant radiotherapy. By integrating findings from this case with current literature, this study aims to elucidate the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic strategies, therapeutic modalities, and prognostic factors associated with this rare malignancy. CONCLUSION: The patient demonstrated good tolerance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with a significant reduction in lesion size observed following treatment. After comprehensive management including surgical resection, the patient has remained alive for nearly two years of continuous follow-up. Notably, prostatic SCC exhibits poor responsiveness to endocrine therapy. The most effective therapeutic approach involves early radical surgery, which, when integrated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and other modalities, may contribute to prolonged survival.