Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Computer-based programs for substance use prevention and intervention among youth are on the ascendancy. Whether delivered by computer per se or by electronic tablet or smartphone, technology-driven programs are harmonious with how young people access information and interact with their worlds. This review examines recent evidence on computer-based programs aimed at substance use among youth, with particular attention to results from randomized trials. RECENT FINDINGS: Outcome studies of computer-based, substance use-related programs published over the past 5 years reveal mixed results amidst diverse intervention approaches and delivery settings. Many studies are marred by high attrition. Notable in the recent literature is the international nature of technology-driven substance use prevention and intervention programs. With some exceptions, most programs appear to not have been customized for their recipient populations. Though few in number, the highest-quality studies of computer-based programs show positive outcomes in reduced substance use rates. SUMMARY: Based on recent findings, considerable work needs to happen before computer-delivered approaches are a proven means for reducing substance use among youth. Original programs, expressly developed for subgroups of youth, are in short supply. Though controlled designs are becoming commonplace, too many studies of computer-based programs suffer from flaws-including high rates of attrition-that limit the discovery of positive outcomes.