Abstract
BACKGROUND: To investigate the risk factors for mortality in elderly patients who underwent hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures over a five-year follow-up period. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 80 elderly patients treated with hemiarthroplasty between January 2015 and December 2018. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted, and both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified independent mortality risk factors, including age, preoperative mobility, BMI, cardiovascular comorbidities, and fracture type. RESULTS: Of the 80 patients, 38 (47.5%) died within the follow-up period. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly reduced survival in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, unstable fractures (Garden III and IV), and limited pre-fracture mobility (p < 0.05). Univariate analysis identified age, pre-fracture mobility, BMI, cardiovascular comorbidities, and fracture type as significant factors associated with mortality (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed age, pre-fracture mobility, cardiovascular comorbidities, and unstable fractures as independent mortality predictors (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Advanced age, limited mobility before fracture, cardiovascular comorbidities, and unstable fractures significantly increase mortality risk in elderly patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty. Tailored fracture management and optimized cardiovascular care could improve survival.