Abstract
The aim of this research was to conduct randomized trials assessing the extent of cement diffusion following robot-assisted percutaneous vertebroplasty (R-PVP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). A total of 96 OVCF patients meeting the inclusion criteria and admitted between January 2023 and November 2023 were included in the study. Among them, 48 patients were assigned to the robotic-assisted PVP group (R-PVP group) and 48 patients were assigned to the traditional PVP group (PVP group). The study examined the differences in age, sex, BMD T-value, fracture segment, preoperative, postoperative, and 3-month postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) pain scores, fluoroscopic dose, frequency of fluoroscopy, volume of bone cement injected, angle of puncture abduction, degree of cement diffusion, and bone cement spillage among the two patient groups. A logistic regression model was employed to analyze the factors influencing the extent of postoperative bone cement diffusion. The findings indicated that the R-PVP group exhibited a significantly larger puncture abduction angle, improved postoperative cement dispersion, increased cement injection volume, and decreased incidence of cement spillage compared to the PVP group. Furthermore, the R-PVP group demonstrated superior outcomes in these aspects, as well as lower intraoperative fluoroscopic frequency and radiation exposure. Additionally, bone density, puncture abduction angle, cement injection volume, and surgical approach were identified as independent factors associated with the extent of postoperative cement dispersion.