Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by a complex immune biphasic imbalance. Monitoring of immune status has not yet been implemented in clinical practice due to lack of direct therapeutic utility. Immune dysregulation in sepsis patients is heterogeneous and dynamic. The use of artificial intelligence to drive the integration of multi-omics data, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, enables biomarker monitoring and immunoassays. This review revisits gut microbes as critical illness drivers and important regulatory players in sepsis immunity. It focuses on the synthesis of clinical biomarkers of sepsis and parameters related to the gut microenvironment with the help of artificial intelligence, enabling marker identification, immunostratification and predictive modeling. This feasible clinical decision-making algorithm based on "combinatorial typing" is an important tool for realizing precision medicine for sepsis patients.