Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy results from disruptions in the growth and metabolism of striated muscle, leading to a reduction or loss of muscle fibers. This condition not only significantly impacts patients' quality of life but also imposes substantial socioeconomic burdens. The complex molecular mechanisms driving skeletal muscle atrophy contribute to the absence of effective treatment options. Recent advances in stem cell therapy have positioned it as a promising approach for addressing this condition. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy and outlines current therapeutic strategies, focusing on mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and their derivatives. Additionally, the challenges these stem cells face in clinical applications are discussed. A deeper understanding of the regenerative potential of various stem cells could pave the way for breakthroughs in the prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy.