Abstract
We are going to have to eat what the world will produce with all its failings, not what it could produce without them. Trends in global food production are therefore all important. These are now giving cause for anxiety, in that the rate of increase of global grain yields has been slowing seriously. Locally, the food security of some demographically trapped communities is so dire that, like China, they need one child families. The 1994 Cairo population conference (Cairo I) took future food supplies for granted and took no account of demographic entrapment: the conference should be recalled urgently as CAIRO II.