Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS: The leading mammary cancer in Burkina Faso, breast cancer has a variety of origins. In fact, an alteration in the MAP3K14 [GenBank: NC_000017.11, ID: 9020] and CD40 [GenBank: NC_000020.11, ID: 958] genes can lead to the development of breast cancer. The goal of this study is to highlight the possible involvement of the polymorphisms rs2074292 in the MAP3K14 gene and rs1883832 in the CD40 gene in the development of breast cancer in women in Burkina Faso. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-two (152) participants, including 71 patients versus 81 controls, took part in this case-control study. Real-time PCR was used for genotyping the two polymorphisms (rs2074292 and rs1883832), and the χ (2) test was used for risk assessment by calculating odds ratios, confidence intervals, and p values. RESULTS: For the MAP3K14 gene, the allelic frequencies A and G, were respectively 54.40%, 35.25% in cases and 45.60%, 64.75% in controls. For the CD40 gene, the C and T allelic frequencies were 48.15% and 35.29% in the cases and 51.85% and 64.71% in the controls, respectively. The rs2074292 polymorphism of the MAP3K14 gene confers protection breast cancer with respectively the allele G (OR = 0.45 CI (95%) = 0.28-0.73; p = 0.01) and the heterozygote genotype AG (OR = 0.08 CI (95%) = 0.02-0.024; p < 0.01) while, no association was established between the rs1883832 polymorphism of the CD40 gene and the occurrence of breast cancer (OR = 0.58 CI (95%) = 0.27-1.23; p = 0.15). CONCLUSION: The rs2074292 polymorphism of the MAP3K14 gene protects against progression to breast cancer in Burkina Faso. This study, therefore, contributes to an understanding of the role played by these two polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of this devastating disease.