Abstract
Poverty alleviation is critical for sustainable development. Establishing a major public health emergency warning and prevention mechanism for poverty alleviation and marginal populations can effectively determine the overall risk situation and primary risk components in diverse regions. It is conducive to formulate specific policies for risk prevention and control of public health emergencies to prevent the occurrence of poverty relapses. Expert evaluation method is used to grade the risk impact and risk probability. Combined with the Borda ordinal value method to rank the importance of risk factors, a judgment matrix is constructed. The Analytic Hierarchy Process method is used to determine the weight of the risk module. And the impact risk of major health emergencies on poverty alleviation and marginal populations is comprehensively evaluated based on the quantified value of the risk impact level. The results indicate that the production and operation risks and unemployment risks in the case area have a relatively significant impact on poverty alleviation and marginal populations. Different regional government forces and regional economic development characteristics may also form different risk weights. Therefore, risk warning models should match government development and regional development goals and be established based on the characteristics of different regions. Effective risk control mechanisms and policies can only be developed based on the characteristics and behavioral traits of different populations in the region.