Abstract
Cbl-b is a member of the Cbl family of RING finger E3 ubiquitin ligases and polymorphisms and mutations in Cbl-b are associated with several autoimmune/inflammatory diseases in humans. Furthermore, gene targeting experiments in mice have provided proof of the in vivo effects of Cbl-b on T cell function and its involvement with these diseases. This brief review updates our understanding of Cbl-b in T cell tolerance, proallergic T cell development, and cancer immunity in light of the most recent advances, and their impact on autoimmune-/inflammatory diseases and cancer immunotherapy.