Abstract
In late 2006, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) launched its first major research initiative to catalyze the nascent field of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research at a time when federal funding of such studies was severely restricted. This Scientific Excellence through Exploration and Development (SEED) grant program supported a portfolio of scientific endeavors ranging from the most fundamental studies of hESC biology and behavior to exploring the therapeutic potential and value of these cells as tools of biomedical innovation. The SEED program attracted new investigators from all stages of their career into the field of hESC research, many of whom continue to pursue related studies through CIRM's ongoing research and development programs or with the support of other funding organizations. The scientific impact of the SEED grant program can be measured in the scientific publications, disclosures of inventions, and measurable progress toward advancing CIRM's mission and strategic objectives. In addition, CIRM has obtained valuable insights on how grant administration and policy considerations can affect the progress and conduct of scientific programs in a challenging period of both limits and opportunity.