Abstract
It remains unknown whether systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) pressure on admission are associated with short- and long-term mortality in Chinese patients with heart failure with preserved (HFpEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), and reduced (HFrEF) ejection fraction. In 2706 HF patients (39.1% women; mean age, 68.8 years), we assessed the risk of 30-day, 1-year, and long-term (> 1 year) mortality with 1-SD increment in SBP and DBP, using multivariable logistic and Cox regression, respectively. During a median follow-up of 4.1 years, 1341 patients died. The 30-day, 1-year, and long-term mortality were 3.5%, 16.7%, and 39.4%, respectively. In multivariable-adjusted analyses additionally accounted for DBP or SBP, a higher SBP conferred a higher risk of long-term mortality (hazard ratio, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02-1.22; p = .017) and a lower DBP was associated with a higher risk of all types of mortality (p ≤ .011) in all HF patients. Independent of potential confounders including DBP or SBP, in patients with HFpEF, higher SBP and lower DBP levels predicted a higher risk of long-term mortality with hazard ratios amounting to 1.16 (95% CI, 1.04-1.29; p = .007) and .89 (95% CI, .80-.99; p = .028), respectively. In patients with HFmrEF and HFrEF, irrespective of adjustments of potential confounders, DBP was associated with 1-year mortality with odds ratios ranging from .49 to .62 (p ≤ .006). In conclusion, lower DBP and higher SBP levels on admission were associated with a higher risk of different types of all-cause mortality in Chinese patients with different HF subtypes. Our observations highlight that admission BP may help to improve risk stratification.